Overview on Common Communicable Diseases that Caused by
Bacteria
Abstract. The most important communicable diseases caused by bacterial infection are represented in this review, by
pathogenic microorganisms that have been identified Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidum, Shigella, Vibrio
cholera, Staphylococcus species and Streptococcus species. Many illnesses including diarrhea infections, sexually
transmitted diseases and skin conditions, are brought on by these bacterial species that is transmitted from one person to
another. And because achieving good health and wellbeing and reducing diseases is one of sustainable development's
goals, identify these illnesses aids in the management of infectious bacterial diseases by offering solutions and guidance
and stepping up awareness-raising efforts, particularly for those who live in environments with a dearth of available
health services and in poor areas little resources.
Keywords: Sustainable Development, Bacterial Communicable Diseases, Diarrhea Infection, Sexual Infection, Skin
Infection
OVERVIEW ON THE ROLE OF CRISPR TECHNOLOGY IN CLINICAL
APPLICATIONS
Abstract
One of the most significant scientific advances in DNA editing is CRISPR-Cas technology,
which is based on repetitive sequences derived from bacterial DNA and has been shown to
have immunological properties. Through genetic editing, scientists have altered these
sequences to target the genes in order to treat diseases by adding or removing specific
sequences from the target genes' DNA. As a result, this technology is regarded as a revolution
in the medical field since it treats many diseases more quickly, accurately, and efficiently. In
this review, we went over the various forms of CRISPR technology and discussed the most
significant medical conditions for which this technology can be used to treat patients' illnesses
and problems, additionally, the most significant difficulties this technology faces were noted.
Key Words: CRISPR Cas, CRISPR Types, Gene editing, Diseases
ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF BACTERIAL PATHOGEN THAT CAUSES URINARY TRACT
INFECTION IN CHILDREN
Abstract
Urinary tract infections are one of the health problems that affect children. Therefore, in this
study, 130 urine samples were collect from children suffering from urinary tract infections
and attending Al-Hussein Children’s Hospital in the city of Al-Diwaniyah for the period from
1/7/2023 to 1/10/2023 to reveal the most important Bacterial pathogens and their
susceptibility to antibiotics. According to the study's findings 46 samples (35.3%) lacked
bacterial growth, while 84 samples (64.6%) had bacteria present. In comparison to male
children who had a rate of 8 (9.5%), girls had a rate of 76 (90.4%). Following identification of
the bacteria isolated on culture media represented by blood agar, macconkey agar and
mannitol salt agar, and microscopic examination and biochemical tests. It was discover that
the most common isolates 64% were E. coli, followed by Proteus. mirabilis 19% then 7% to
Enterobacter spp. followed by Klebsiella. pneumoniae 4%, and Staph. aureus isolation rate 3%
and 1% were Morganella spp. The statistical analysis revealed that the isolated bacterial
species differed significantly, with a significance level of P<0.05. According to the findings of
the test for antibiotic susceptibility, the bacterial isolates were highly susceptible to
ciprofloxacin, leuvofloxcillin, gentamycin, amikacin, nitrofurantin, and chloramphenicol, with
sensitivity rates of 73%, 64%, 61%, 59%, 57%, and 55% respectively. Gram-positive bacteria
exhibited a 100% sensitivity pattern to vancomycin as well. Additionally, it was discover that,
at a rate of 84%, 91%, 67%, and 59%, respectively, the most resistance drugs by bacterial
isolates were trimethoprim, erythromycin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and ceftriaxone.
Keywords: Children, Urinary Tract Infections, Pathogenic Bacteria, Antibiotic Sensitivity.
