ملخص البحث :

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is worldwide distributed virus which may lead to the death, its responsible for 15-20% of acute hepatitis. Then, most of these cases will progress to chronic infection. IL- 8 considered as a good indicator of liver disorder such as liver carcinoma, which is one of the main complication of infection with HCV. Objective: This study was carried out to detect infection of HCV and its association with serum level of IL-8 by ELISA kits. Materials and methods: Blood specimens were collected from suspected persons who visited Suwayrah General Hospital during the period from March 2018 to September 2018. Blood specimens (5 ml) were taken from them under aseptic conditions and left for 10 minutes for spontaneous clotting at room temperature before being centrifuged (6000 rpm) to separate the serum. Serum samples were kept frozen at –20°C for determination of HCV Abs and IL-8 levels. Results: The results showed that, this virus was detected in 14 male (58.3%) and in 10 female (41.7%). Most age period susceptible to HCV was 21-40 years 14 (58.3%). Level of IL-8 in HCV patients was (210±2.422 pg/ml) which significantly high (p<0.05) than healthy persons was (48±3.241 pg/ml). Conclusions: Absence of prophylactic procedures especially vaccination make HCV highly infectious and fatal disease. Both genders are under attack of HCV infection. Age period of the individuals associated with the resistance to gain this virus. IL-8 is a good indicator to liver disease such as HCV.

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Background: HSV-2 is thought to considered as the major sexual transmitted pathogen,which may cause severe complications is spontaneous abortion. Objective: This study was carried out to detect the rate of HSV-2 infection in women with spontaneous abortion by HSV-2 Ags ELISA kit. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from 200 pregnant women and 200women with spontaneous abortion. Blood specimens (5 ml) were taken from aborted women and controls under aseptic conditions and left for 10 minutes for spontaneous clotting at room temperature before being centrifuged (6000 rpm) to separate the serum. Serum samples were kept frozen at –20°C for determination of HSV-2 Abs. Results: The results showed that, this virus was detected in 30 (15%) out of aborted women and 18(9%) in pregnant women. The peak of infection level occurred in age group (20-29) years in both aborted and pregnant women. While in aborted women, the maximum positive HSV-2 cases were notices at the second trimester. Conclusions: Herpes Simplex -2 Virus may play a significant role in pregnancy loss. Its detection by sensitive ELISA techniques would permitinstantaneous therapeutic intrusion to raise the eventuality of a felicitous pregnancy.

ملخص البحث :

Background: Candida tropicalis is one of the most causes of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in women. Systemic candidiasis and candidemia may also occur in pregnancies. Objective: This study was carried out to detect and isolate of this yeast from aborted placenta, which may cause severe complications such as spontaneous abortion. Materials and methods: Fresh aborted placenta were collected and washed by normal saline to remove the blood. Then, cut it into portions and place it in test tube containing 5 ml of normal saline. Finally, shake for 10 minutes, after that, cultured for microbial isolation. Isolation and detection were done by some conventional methods with Api candida and CHROMagar. Results: The results showed that four isolates of C. tropicalis (2%) were isolated from two hundreds samples from placenta of aborted women. Conclusions: Even with its rare occurrence, C. tropicalis has the ability to initiate intrauterine infection.

ملخص البحث :

Background: Chronic Renal Failure is a condition where there is a loss of kidney function over a period of months or years.Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotropic virus that infects people and causes liver disease. It is a potential source of significant morbidity and death throughout the globe. patients with acute hepatitis C become chronically infected. Therefore, the high, acute HCV infection and chronicity rates after acute infection contribute to the high prevalence of HCV infection in End Stage Renal Disease patients.In patients with CRF, renal problems are caused by an imbalance between the oxidant and antioxidant systems, as well as the depletion of the protective antioxidant system and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). T lymphocytes are then attracted into the kidney as a consequence. T cells infiltrating the body may induce tissue damage, iTr35 cell generation, IL-35 expression, and iTr35 regulatory T cell conversion, indicating that these cells may be involved in the development of renal failure.

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Background: Cholera has been recognized as a killer disease since earliest time. The disease is caused by infection of the small intestine by Vibrio cholerae O1 and O1391 which is characterized by severe dehydrating diarrheal condition and is one disease in modern times that is epidemic, endemic and pandemic in nature. Objective: This study was carried out to detect and isolate V. cholerae from patients suffered from watery diarrhea, which may cause severe complications such as dehydration, shock followed by death. Materials and methods: stool specimens were collected from 308 patients with watery diarrhea. These samples were tested with many criteria such as TCBS agar, gram stain, biochemical tests and VITEK-2 system to improve the isolation and diagnosis of V. cholerae. Serotyping test was done to detect the predominant serotype that responsible for the disease. Results: The results showed that 24 cases (7.8%) of 308 cases were V. cholerae positive. These positive cases were distributed on different age periods. All the isolates were belong to the Inaba serotype. Conclusions: the efficacy of the conventional methods was equal to the VITEK-2 system in V. cholera detection. Serotyping test used to detect the V. cholerae that cause the outbreak.

ملخص البحث :

Abstract---Objective. Infection with Coxsackie virus. This virus that damages pancreatic cells, has long been linked to the onset of insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM). Pro-inflammatory cytokines can be produced as a result of this illness. Tumor necrosis factor-a is one of these pro-inflammatory cytokines. Materials and Methods. Blood sample were collected from 180 Iraqi participants. Ninety of them is type 1 diabetic patients and other 90 is healthy control .both groups were tested for the incidence of Coxsackie virus B IgG. So the patients groups is divided to two groups according to sero positivity of CVB-IgG .all 180 patients tested to measure of level of TNF-α. Results. The Results showed increasing in levels of TNF-α in CBV positive Type 1 Diabetes mellitus was (34.85 ± 11.00 pg/ml). The level of this interleukin in Type 1 Diabetes mellitus negative to that virus was (26.16 ± 7.79 pg/ml). While the results of this interleukin in control group was (13.82 ± 3.93 pg/ml) with p-value 0. Conclusion. The concentration of TNF-α, according to results, has been shown to be associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus patients infected with CVB-IgG and diabetic patients without CVB.

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Objective: The current research was conducted to determine the concentration level of IL-1 and IL-10 in Patients Suffered from Stomach Cancer infection. Methodology: Descriptive case-control study design, the present study was conducted on 75 patients (56 males and 19 females) attended to, AL-Margan Hospital and AL-Sader Hospital in Hilla city from September, to November 2019. The patients were diagnosed clinically by physicians, who suffered from Stomach Cancer. In addition to that, a control group of 75 apparently healthy individuals (59 males and 16 females) who were without any history of disease were included. Results: Individuals with EBV infection were found to have positive association with Stomach Cancer (18.7) in age groups(48-39 )years. Evaluation of immune status among EBV patients infected with Stomach Cancer through measuring the study showed a significant increase in the level of IL-1 and IL-10 among the clinical study groups. The study showed a significant increase at (P-value = 0.001) in IL-1 concentration (16.8 ± 4.6) in the age group (<59) compared to the control group (4.1 ± 2.1).This study also found that the concentration of Interleukin 10 showed a significant increase (188.1 ± 154.1) at (P- value = 0.01) in the age group (49-53) years compared to the control group (6.2 ± 0.3).