ملخص البحث :

Fifty-one swab samples were collected from mobile phones randomly form the social group in Kufa Technical Institute, wet swabs samples were taken from different sources including (Lecturer, administration staff, restaurant workers, garden workers and students) then the samples were cultured on selective and enrichment culture media to isolate all the bacterial contaminated species and identified by gram stain and biochemical tests and confirmation were carried out by using vitek2. The results showed that all sample were contaminated with bacteria, ten different types of bacteria isolated include Staphylococcus aureus (49%), Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria (12%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11%). Staphylococcus haemolyticus Escherichia vulneris (6%), Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus sp with (4%), while the lowest percentage of presence was due to bacteria Pantoea spp and Cronobacter sakazakii group (2%). Also the results showed that the percentage of bacteria present on mobile phone by the student group is the highest in (41.18%) while the lowest for lecturer (4%). we also noted a decrease in microbial growth using disinfectants, the first disinfectant showed high level of inhibitory effect compared to the second disinfectant, while control disinfectant (70% ethanol alcohol) did not show any effect against all tested bacteria.

ملخص البحث :

Background: One of the major deaths causes in the patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is the impaired lung function. Lately, Burkholderia cepacia was considered as a significant opportunistic pathogen in such patients. Since the late 1970s, due to its increased isolation from CF patients, its ability to spread infections in the community of CF patients, its role in disrupting lung function, and its inherent resistance to multiple antibiotics. Those various factors are making the Burkholderia cepacia isolation one of the significant tasks in cystic fibrosis health-care environment.

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Objectives: Acute tonsillitis is an inflammatory process of tonsil tissue and is usually infectious. Acute tonsillitis starts suddenly and usually disappears within one to two weeks. This study aims to isolate bacteria from patients with infectious tonsillitis and determine the antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita L, Citrus aurantium, banana peel extract and antibiotics including penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, meropenem, tobramycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin against bacteria. Methods: Were Collected 60 clinical samples of sputum and throat swabs from patients with tonsillitis admitted to AL-Furat Alawsait Hospital in Najaf. The samples were cultured in blood, MacConkey agar, and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and then the Vitek2 system was used for diagnosis to detect G + ve and G-ve bacteria. Results: It was found that out of 60 sputum samples and throat swabs, 15 cases were gram positive bacteria, while 45 gram negative bacteria. As revealed by the in vitro agar well diffusion method, it was found that the aqueous extracts of these plants, especially Mentha piperita, have strong antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogens. The results show that Mentha is very effective at all concentrations used in this study (125, 250, 500, 1000) mg / ml in all bacteria isolated from tonsillitis. The zone of greatest inhibition of Mentha, Citrus anrantium and banana peel extract was 30, 28, 25 mm at concentrations of 1000 mg / ml respectively. Used eight selected antibiotics, including (penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, meropenem, tobramycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin). To shows the susceptibility of all bacteria isolates used in this study, the best antibiotics to sensitive for all bacteria (Meropenem and Levofloxacin ), while the resistance to oxacillin. Conclusion: The selected commonly used aqueous extracts have been tested for their antibacterial activity against multi drug-resistant bacteria, and it is believed that their extracts can be used for multi drug-resistant bacteria that can cause nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Keywords: Tonsillitis, mentha piperita, citrus aurantium, banana peel extract, vitek 2 system, antibiotics

ملخص البحث :

Objective: The aim of the present work was to assess the effect of Rice extract from Rice Crusts and chemical pesticide (Blitinute) on the growth of pathogenic fungi. Methods:Rice seed samples were collected directly from farmers field to isolate the important pathogenic fungi associated with seeds. Anti-fungal activity assay of the crude, Phenolicextract and chemical pesticide were determined by agar plating-methodagainst some pathogenic fungi. Result: obtained resultsshowed the effect concentration of rice seed extract on growth of fungi especially phenolic extract had wide spectrum antifungal activity than crude extract. when the use of chemical pesticide (Blitinute) at a concentration of 0.3% with reaching rate of inhibition to 100% to Fusariumgraminerum, Penicilliumviridicatum, while (88.8) the same concentration for the Aspergillus fumigates. In another than the use Integrations between two extract and chemical pesticide (Blitinute) to high effect against test fungi than one extract and chemical pesticide. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that presence of revealed of presence three pathogenic fungi (Aspergillusfumigatus ,Fusariumgraminerium, Penicilliumviridicatum) associated with rice grains were controlledat different concentrations of two extract (crude & phenolic) and chemical pesticide completely inhibited the radial growth of all the test fungi .

ملخص البحث :

Abstract The present study was conducted to proceed a comparison between efficiency of chemotherapy and alcoholic extract of plant leaves Melia azedarch L. in the growth of many fungi that cause Tinea capitis in humans using 24 samples belonging to patients with Tinea capitis of Kerion of the children ranged in age (1-18 ) years old and both sexes dermatophytosis who clinically diagnosed by dermatologist, from Al-Sadder Medical City in Al-Najaf Government, from January to November 2016, by using traditional methods for laboratory isolation and identification. The results shown indicated many fungus Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton verrucosum . the biochemical test refer , M. canis featured its growth on the rice media and excellence fungus M. gypseum its growth at the corn flour with 80 Tween with Trypan blue The fungus T. verrucosum have a clear growth on 1,2 Trichphyton Agar .on the other hands , results indicated in the M. canis is the predominant type and cause Tinea capitis within the studied samples as the incidence rate of 42% with this fungus, followed by M. gypseum in effect since the infection rate was 38%, and T. verrucosum was less influential as the incidence rate of 21%. Results showed the relationship between infection and age and sex ,the males were more susceptible to infection than females especially in ages (12-7) years high infection. Moreover, in present study found a different concentration of alcoholic extract of leaves Melia azedarch L in inhibiting the growth of fungi especially for concentrations (60 and 80%) . on the other hand, when using antibiotics in the treatment of skin infections and compared alcoholic extract leaves Melia azedarch L. result appear sensitivity of fungus to antibiotics as it reached the infection ratio (69.7, 40.9, 77.7)% of ketoconazole antifungal M. canis , T .verrucosum, M.gypsem respectively while fungi tested did not appear affected and clear for antibiotic Flouconazole compared with the rest of antibiotics as it was (10.2, 5.0, 11.5)% respectively.

ملخص البحث :

ABSTRACT : To find out common organisms causing Endometritis, Detection sensitivity and resistance bacteria to antibiogram pattern, Determine the antibacterial & synergismeffect of Anastatica hierochuntica extract and antibiotics against test bacteria. In this study, 90 endocervical swabs were taken from women with suffering from endometritis attending to Al-Zahraa hospital for Maternityand Children in Al-Najaf province during the periodfrom December,2017 to February, 2018. All specimens were direct examination and cultured on different media. in addition to Evaluation of the Antibacterial bioassay of Anastatica hierochuntica and antibiotics against test bacteria. Out of 90 women admitted in present study, It was observed that Neisseria gonorrhea isolates were recorded the highest % of total isolates (32%), followed by Staphylococcus sp (26%), E. coli (12%) and Staphylococcus aureus (10%), in addition Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus sp Shigella sp recorded (5%, 3%, 2%) respectively. In addition to detection Bacterial growth at various time points, this result show in methanolic extract of Anastatica hierochunticato batter than aqueous extract during monitoring turbidity growth of bacteria. And investigate antibiogram sensitivity test bacteria, the result revealed in all gram positive and gram negative bacteria to resistance of all antibiogramexcept Chloramphenicol to sensitive of both bacteria.Present study shows the antibacterial and synergism effect to both aqueous and methanolic extract against test bacteria to high effect in comparation antibiotic alone. It could be finally concluded that the very small amount of the Plant extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica have great potential as antimicrobial compounds against pathogenic bacteria. Thus, they can be used in the treatment of endometritis caused by resistant microbes to antibiogram agent, The synergism effect from the association of chloramphenicol antibiotic with plant extracts against resistant bacteria leads to new choices for the treatment of infectious diseases. This effect enables the use of the respective antibiotic when it is no longer effective by itself during therapeutic treatment.

ملخص البحث :

Abstract The present study included collected 120 sample from patients with otitis media, who attended to consultants of Ear nose throat in AL-Hakeem hospital in Najaf city. Through the period from (8/10/2017-8/1/2018). The results revealed that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacterial isolates (45) 37.5%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus & Acinetobacter baumannii which constituted (25) 21%, (16) 13% respectively. Test antimicrobial activity of olive leaves extracts and apple cider vinegar against pathogenic bacteria causing otitis media using agar well diffusion method. This result indicated a significant effect (p < 0.05), among the microorganism Proteus sp which showed most sensitive to cold olive leaves extract range 10-28mm, both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas fluorescence showed to high sensitivity boiled olive leaves extract range from 14-28mm, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa & Proteus sp at high levels of inhibition range 15-30mm. in comparison apple cider vinegar The maximum inhibition zone of Gram negative bacteria was observed against Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii 20-37mm, another bacteria include (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescence) & Proteus sp the inhibition zone range 15-35mm & 15-30mm respectively, while the observed maximum inhibition zone of Gram positive bacteria 15-30mm, This study shows that Apple cider vinegar consider more effect in the control of otitis media pathogens than olive leaves extract.

ملخص البحث :

Abstract * Objectives: Isolation and Identification of S.aureus and study their susceptibility to the production of virulence factors. * Methods: A total 50 clinical specimens of Staphylococcus aureus isolates were collected in AL- Najaf AL-Asharaf governorate during the period of (10/10/2013-20/1/2014) by the cultural characteristic colonies, microscopic for cells, biochemical tests, antibiotics susceptibility test to Staphylococcus aureus using an antibiotic diffusion disc assay, in addition to studying the virulence factors produced from S.aureus . * Results: The results show that the Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin formed 70% and 30% of isolates were sensitive to the same antibiotics. Tested 10 isolates to methicillin resistant for their efficiency in forming the highest inhibitory areas for testing their sensitivity to other antibiotics used, the results show S.aureus resistant to penicillin about 100%, while there is no resistance to CO-Trimethoprim because it was sensitive completly 100%. The susceptibility investigated of Staphylococcus aureus resistance methicillin isolates to the production of biofilm and slime layer with using both tube method and growth on Congo red agar respectively. Ten isolates of S.aureus were tested based on resistance to methicillin and their high susceptibility to the production of the biofilm and the slime layer. * Conclusion: So we conclusion, they have Staphylococcus aureus is highly resistant to β- Lactam antibiotics and the CO-trimethoprim is the most effective in the inhibiting growth of this bacteria. In addition to its ability to produce virulence factors. The increase cause bacterial resistance to our local isolates may be due to the frequent use of antibiotics, which allowed for increased bacterial resistance to various antibiotics.

ملخص البحث :

This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory role of alcoholic extract of Salvadora persica and aqueous extract of Mentha longifolia, Thymus vulgaris and Cinnamon extracts, Nigeria sativa oil on the inhibition of Candida albicans. The results revealed that the inhibitory effect of alcoholic extract was more effect (52mm) in concentration 10%, on C. albicans, while, N. sativa oils in (46mm) in some concentration 10%, on the other hand the aqueous extraction include Thymus vulgaris, Cinnamon, Mentha longifolia have less inhibitory effect (38, 31, 23) in respectly. whereas all plant extract and Nigeria Sativa oils were inhibition 100mm in concentration 100%. Also susceptibility test of these yeast for use some antibiotics include fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, nystatin was more effective against clinical isolates of C. albicans while Amphotreicin B with less effect on these yeast.

ملخص البحث :

الخلاصة: جمعت 100 عينة مختلفة المصدر لعزل أنواع بكتريا Bifidobacterium spp و 50 عزلة سريرية لبكتريا Staphylococcus aureus في محافظة النجف الأشرف وللفترة من 10 / 10 / 2013 ولغاية 2 / 1 / 2014 ، بينت النتائج عائدية 13 عزلة لبكتريا Bifidobacterium spp اعتماداً على الخصائص المظهرية والزرعية والفحوصات الكيموحيوية والفحص الجزيئي بأستخدام mRNA والجين lm3 / lm26 . ولتمييز الانواع التابعة لبكتريا Bifidobacterium spp أجري أختبار تخمر المصادر الكاربوهيدراتية وقد أظهرت النتائج سيادة النوع B.bifidum ، اما بقية الانواع الأخرى فقد تمثلت ب B.thermoacidophilum, B.adolescentis, B.breve, B.longum . أجري أختبار حساسية بكتريا Staphylococcus aureus للمضادات الحياتية بأستعمال طريقة أنتشار قرص المضاد الحياتي والتي أوضحت بأن عزلات S.aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين شكلت حوالي 70 % وأن 30 % من العزلات كانت حساسة للمضاد نفسه، كما تم التحري عن قابلية عزلات S.aureus المقاومة للمثيسلين لإنتا الغشاء الحيوي Biofilm بأستخدام طريقت الأنبوبة ، بعدها أختبرت 10 عزلات لبكتريا المكورات العنقودية اعتماداً على المقاومة للمثيسلين وقابليتها العالية على أنتا الغشاء الحيوي. وأختبرت قدرة عزلات Bifidobacterium spp عن قابليتها على أنتا البكتريوسين الخام ضد بكتريا الأختبار MRSA بتقنية الانتشار بالحفر، وكانت العزلة 3fidumB.bi الأعلى أنتاجاً للبكتريوسين الخام، كما درس تأثير البكتريوسين الخام المنتج من Bifidobacterium spp في تثبيط نمو وتكوين الغشاء الحيوي Biofilm ، وبينت النتائج وجود فعالية تثبيطية للبكتريوسين الخام تجاه MRSA .

ملخص البحث :

Abstract. The present study aims to isolate and know the ratio of bacterial and parasitic dysentery with age and sex of patients in AL-Najaf province, A cross-sectional research was carried out from January 2020 to January 2021. Ninety people with probable amoebic dysentery were enrolled in the study from different age from Al- Manathera Hospital in Al-Najaf province, People who have diarrhea and are assumed to have dysentery had their stool samples taken. , The diarrheal stool specimen were put into sterile, transparent wide mouthed bottles. The name, age and sex of the patients were properly labeled on the universal bottles. and refrigerated immediately. The results had shown most common bacteria and parasite infections were seen in patients aged 10 to 19, and male having the highest ratio compared to female, Diarrhoeagenic bacteria have high incidence from intestinal parasites infection in this study, Entamoeba histolytica infection was the highest in current study. Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp were the predominate bacteria.