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Abstract: Sex hormones and chronic respiratory diseases play a role in the pathogenesis and the management of Covid-19 infection. Present research tries to shed light on the role of sex hormones, bronchial asthma and lung cancer on the severity of Covid-19 infection and the resulting mortality rate. This study included a follow-up of the health status of 85 patients infected with Covid-19, and all the patients previously diagnosed had hereditary respiratory diseases (bronchial asthma (64) and lung cancer (21)). The serum level of progesterone and testosterone and the stages of lung cancer development were measured in the laboratories of Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital. After conducting medical examinations, computed tomography and x-rays, the severity of Covid-19 infection was classified according to the WHO to moderate, severe and critical infection. The current results showed that most of the hospitalized cases were males (65%) with a death rate (18%), so bronchial asthma was associated with the death rate in males (70% of dead males), followed by postmenopausal (POM) women (66.7% of the dead woman), while pre-menopausal (PRM) women had the highest cure rate (100%). The results of the study showed that the rise in the mean of progesterone in PRM (13.55 ng/ml) was associated with moderate symptoms of Covid-19, while the increased testosterone in males and POM (1018 ng/dL and 67.3 ng/dL, respectively) was associated with an increase in the severity of the infection. In conclusion, asthma and high testosterone directly affected the increase in the severity of Covid-19 and the high mortality rate among the Corona sufferers. While advanced lung cancer had a clear role in that, at the same time, progesterone appeared as a protective factor in young women.

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This study was conducted at a commercial broiler farm located in AL-Diwaniyah city from 1/4/2018 to 1/6/2018 in order to estimate the effect of two-concentration dietary spinach (2% and 6%) on blood and some biochemical parameters of broiler chicks by using 180 Ross chicks at the age of one day, which was randomly divided into three groups by three replications per group (thirty chicks per replication). These broiler chicks are divided into following: C: control group representing the group which feeding basal diet without any addition. T1: representing the group which feeding basal diet plus 2% spinch powder. T2: representing the group which feeding basal diet plus 6% spinach powder. The results showed a significant increase in RBC count, WBC count, PCV, Hb, and total protein concentration in T1 and T2 at 6 and 8 weeks compared to the control group. Also, there are significant decrease in glucose concentration and H/L percentage when compared to the control group. The results of the current study showed that there was a significant increase in the level of gene expression (CGH, IGF-I) genes in the T2 group over the T1 compared with the control group for both genes and for both time periods in the current study. In conclusion, the results in a current study showed that there is good effect of dietary spinach on blood and biochemical parameters and enhancement of resistance in broiler chicks.

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Jary Al-Kurdy MJ, Khudair KK., Effect of selenium loaded Ribes nigrum nanoparticles on genetic markers of male rats with D- galactose induced toxicity, Onl J Vet Res., 24 (5):312-327, 2020. Authors report effect of selenium nanoparticles loaded with black currant (Ribes nigrum) extract on serum caspase3, chromosomes, mitotic index, liver tunel cells and apoptosis in Wistar male rats given 150mg/kg D-galactose IP daily for 56 days. We generated 18-50nm spherical crystallite nanoparticles identified by UV spectroscopy, electron microscopy and X–ray diffraction. Groups of 8 rats each were then injected 150mg/kg D-galactose IP dissolved in 0.9% saline daily for 8 weeks (Group 1), gavaged 1mg/kg nanoparticles (2) or given both (3). Controls were given saline IP and orally (4). At days 14 and 56, cardiac blood was taken for caspase-3 and femur bone excised for chromosomal aberration and mitotic indices, and livers for DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Compared with controls, we found significant (P < 0.05) declines in serum caspase (~-10 to -17%), and chromosomal acentric aberrations (~-4 fold) in rats given nanoparticles with or without galactose. In rats given only galactose we found large increases in serum caspase-A (~18%) chromosomal abberations (~12 fold) and mitotic indices (~34%). We found no tunnel liver cells in rats given selenium loaded Ribes nigrum nanoparticles with or without D galactose but present throughtout in those given only D-galactose. Results suggest that selenium loaded Ribes nigrum nanoparticles nanoparticles may reduce D- galactose genotoxicity in rats and exert anti-oxidants effects.

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The current study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the chemical drug "Gemzar". In addition to study the role of the aqueous extract of the stigma of plant saffron to decrease the toxicity of Gemzar. In this study, 30 white adult rats aged 9-12 weeks were grouped into five groups (6 rats in each group ). The first group was negative control which received normal saline for four weeks. The second group was positive control received Gemzar in a dosage 15 mg/kg of body weight for four weeks. The third group was orally received a plant extract at a dosage of (100) mg/kg of body weight before medication for two weeks, then received drug for two weeks. The fourth group was received both plant extract (100) mg/kg and the drug for four weeks. The fifth group was received plant extract two weeks after medication. The experiment was maintained for four weeks, then the rats were killed, and the blood was drawn to study the pathological effects in the examined parameters. The statistical analysis showed a considerable decrease in catalase, albumin, with increasing of lipid peroxide levels in the group treated with drug in comparison with control group. However, the treatment with both plant extract 100 mg/kg and the drug was administered in three treatments with a plant extract (before, during, and after), the drug receiving. The current study showed a significant improvement in some cases of negative control. It may revealed that the exposure to Gemzar caused alterations in biochemical indicators of rats blood. The current study improved that that the uptake of the plant extract simultaneously with the drug or (before and after) the drug has a significant role to increasing the harm consequences caused by the drug

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The goal of the current research was to synthesis zinc oxide nano-particles (ZnONPs) via simple, cheap and eco-friendly method which include reduction of zinc acetate dehydrate to ZnONPs by using of black currant aqueous extract (BC) as a reducing-agent. The characterization of stability, size, morphology, and present the functional groups on the surface of synthesized ZnOBCNPs were achieved by SEM, X–ray diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy

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The current study was aimed to explore the effect of black currant selenium nanoparticles (BCSeNPs)on serum lipid profile and oxidant- antioxidant state markers in blood of Dgalactose(D-gal) treated rats. The green synthesis of SeNPs as described earlier in our previous study was characterized by color changes; Ultraviolet- visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques; X–ray diffraction analysis (XRD); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed prevalence of brick- red color of BCSeNPs characterized by spherical crystals with average particle size in the range of 18-50 nm. Thirty-two (32) adult male rats were divided randomly and equally into four experimental groups (8/group) and handles as follows for eight weeks: Control (C) group: rats in this group were treated with intra peritoneal injection (i.p) and oral intubation of normal saline. T1 group: animals in this group were subjected to i.p. of D gal a dose (150 mg/kg/day), which was dissolved in normal saline solution. T2 group: the rats were oral intubation BCSeNPs (1mg/Kg. B. W). T3 group: rats in this group were administered BCSeNPs concurrently with i.p. of D-gal in the same previous doses. Blood samples were collected from heart by cardio puncture technique at 2nd and 8th weeks of the experiment and serum samples were used for estimation of some biochemical parameters related to oxidant-antioxidant status markers: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total antioxidant capacity (TAOC); Serum lipid profile: concentration of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TAG), high density lipoprotein- cholesterol(HDL-c), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-c), and very low density lipoprotein- cholesterol(VLDL-c). At the end of experiment, after animal scarifying, section from liver was taken for detection of gene expression of glutathione peroxidase. The results of here in study confirmed a case the oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in T1 group manifested by significant depression in serum TAO-C concentration and decrease in glutathione peroxidase gene expression level. While, caused elevation in serum MDA concentration and significant decrease in serum concentration of HDL-c with significant elevation in serum concentration of TAG, VLDL-C, TC, and LDL-c. At the end of experiment, BCSeNPs intubation in T2 group caused alleviation of previous mentioned parameters related to oxidative stress and lipid profile. On conclusion, the result in a current study showed that black currant selenium nanoparticle has both a preventive and a therapeutic role in D-gal toxicity in adult male rats, where BCSeNPs can be considered as antioxidant and hypolipidemic agent.

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The present study aimed to synthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) using aqueous extract of black currant as a reducing agent. The green synthesized black currant selenium nanoparticles (BCSeNPs) were identified by color change. The characterization of SeNPs was achieved by Ultraviolet-visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X–ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These tests were used to detect: stability, morphology, size, crystalline nature, and functional groups present on the surface of BCSeNPs. The results revealed appearance of the brick-red color indicating the specific color of selenium nanoparticles, and UV-Vis spectroscopy showed band absorbance at 265 nm of intense surface plasmon resonance manifesting the formation and stability of the prepared BCSeNPs. The SEM image showed the prevalence of spherical selenium nanosized, XRD at 2θ revealed crystallin selenium nanoparticles, the size was in the average of 18- 50 nm. Furthermore, FTIR revealed the presence of functional groups of the plant which act as stabilizing and reducing agents. In conclusion, the aqueous black currant extract can act as a reducing and capping agent to synthesize BCSeNPs in nano-scale size by a simple method.

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Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) is an obligate intracellular protozoon which infects both human and animals. T. gondii parasitize in different organs even in testes and it was isolated from semen. The level of testosterone in the serum was evaluated for men with chronic toxoplasmosis.One hundred twenty-one blood samples were collected from apparently healthy men with different age groups they were attending the teaching hospital in Al-Diwaniyah province. Three milliliters of blood was drawn from each man, and then sera were separated by centrifugation. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibody was detected. Same numbers of positive and negative sera were included in cases and controls groups respectively, and then the quantitative determination of testosterone was analyzed in the serum of both groups.Thirty eight (31.4%) out of 121 examined serum samples were given positive results for T.gondii IgG antibodies. The concentration of testosterone, in case group was relatively more than in the control group with no statistical differences (p>0.05). According to age, the comparison of testosterone in two groups appeared that testosterone level in 15-29 age in case group was with signicant differences (P<0.05).From the current study we concluded that the infection with T.gondii can affect the serum testosterone level in men

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The current study aimed to determine the potency of aqueous extract of grape fruit (Naringin) in lowering blood glucose and lipid profile in streptozotocin induced diabetic male rats (by single injection of Streptozotocin at the dose of 60 mg/kg of the body weight). Naringin was extracted from grapefruit albedo (white inner Pell) by using aqueous hydrolysis, then it was identified on Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC).The results of thin layer chromatography have showed that Rf values was 0.75 in aqueous extract compared with Rf standard naringin (0.76).Twenty four adult male rats were randomly assigned to three equal groups treated for 30 days as follows: Intact control (C) , Diabetic Control (D.M.), treated diabetic rats (T) received (80mg/kg B.W.) of flavonoids (naringin). Blood sample were obtained befor and after 10,20 and 30 days from treatment. The results showed significant decrease in body weight , blood glucose , cholesterol, and triglyceride in T group. These results showed that naringin has potential hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

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Abstract. Al-Diwaniya River is the main water source for human use in Al-Diwaniya city, especially for drinking water, agriculture, public water supply.This study was conducted to detect the validity of drinking water in Al- AlDiwaniya city and evaluate the efficiency of drinking water from (five stations) Al-Sadr al-oula area, um Al-Khail area, Al-Furat hay, Al-Jamia hay and Al-Hamza area, where samples were collected starting from November 2022 until March 2023.Thisstudy included the measurement of pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved substances, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, chlorides, turbidity, sodium and potassium. The results showed that pH tended to be basic in all months of the study except March where the pH was neutral, It was also found that the total hardness of drinking water was approaching the maximum permissible limit globally, and the results showed that the values of magnesium and turbidity in drinking water were within the specifications of the World Health Organization.As for the electrical conductivity, total dissolved materials and chlorides, they were high and more than the global limit

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Abstract. One of the most well-known and commonly used medications is aspirin, also known as salicylic acid. In the past century, Aspirin Cardio100 mg has been used to treat fever and rheumatic pain, and reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. The current study aims to learn about the side effects of Aspirin Cardio100 mg on different body organs because we did not find a study in Iraq that explained the adverse effects of Aspirin Cardio 100 mg. The ongoing review included a diagnosis and questionnaire for 240 people who took Aspirin Cardio 100 mg according to the doctor's instructions their ages ranged from 15 to 90. Some patients had an endoscopic examination of their stomach ulcers because a number of tests were done to look for digestive problems, like finding Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) by looking at b1ood, stoo1, and exha1ation.. Echo and ECG for detection heart activity were also carried out. In order to determine the severity of asthma or breathing problems, a spirometer was used. Our results showed that most of the patients (59%) and of different ages (15-70 years) did not appear to have health complications, although most of them continued to take Aspirin Cardio 100 mg. On the other hand, 41% of patients suffer from complications and side effects represented by GIT disorders, Haemophilia, Palpitations, Hypotension, Weight loss, Headache, RT disorders by 13%, 10%, 5%, 3%, 2%, 2%, 6% respectively so the average age of people with these diseases, 52.33, 23.9, 33.72, 46.35, 69.90, 62.14, 57.52 years respectively. The difference in the distribution of health problems resulting from the use of aspirin according to the duration of treatment showed statistical differences represented by P = 0.0011, X2 = 22.73, DF = 21. In 5conclusion, aspirin is a treatment that assumes a critical part in bringing down the gamble of numerous illnesses, especially heart sicknesses. Nonetheless, Aspirin Cardio should be taken by the specialist's guidelines to screen the beginning or improvement of aftereffects that could endanger the patient's life, like stomach ulcers, hemophilia, asthma, sinusitis and palpitations..