ملخص البحث :

The issue of water conservation and economy in its use in agricultural production is one of the most important issues of sustainability at the present time especially with crops that need to consume large quantities of water, such as corn.The impact of subsurface drip irrigation system (SDIS) on corn cultivars SYN-6 and R-106 was observed based on some technical indicators, under three drip irrigation distances (DID) 22,24 and 26cm. The experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under complete randomized design with three replications. The R-106 cultivar was significantly better than SYN-6 cultivar in all studied parameters. For drip irrigation distances (DID) of 22cm the soil bulk density, total of soil porosity during growth season, root dry weight and root fresh weight, PVI, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index were 1.29,1.31,1.33mg.m-3, 51.32,50.56,49.81%,20.33 cm ,0.93g and 2.91 g, 55.19 cm, 7.22 t.ha-1, 5.46 t.ha-1,and 62.87%, respectively. The interaction among drip irrigation distances (DID) of 22 cm and the corn cultivar (R-106) was the best in all parameters.

ملخص البحث :

The scarcity of irrigation water in Iraq and the great waste of water and saline lands and the dominance of old and unscientific methods of water management when cultivating corn, was the aim of this study is to reduce the amount of fertilizer added to the soil during the growing season for hectare area and the abundance of water large amounts, as well investigate, the effect of irrigation systems, subsurface drip irrigation system(SDIS) and, the levels nitrogen fertilizer (NF) on corn cultivars (Gadiz, IPA5012 and R-106). Completely randomly assigned to three replicates, the Gadiz cultivar outperformed the IPA5012 and R-106 cultivars in a factorial experiment. While the level nitrogen fertilizer (175 kg N.ha-1), was significantly superior to the level nitrogen fertilizer (150 kg N.ha-1), in all parameters. All interactions were significant, the best results in this study were obtained from the interaction among the level nitrogen fertilizer (175 kg N.ha-1) and corn cultivar Gadiz .

ملخص البحث :

The study aimed to identify the effect of planting machine on potato Burren variety characteristics under planting method by going and return and planting method by rotation oceanic at different distances and ranges of planting depths. Two types of potato planting methods (PMBGR and PMBRO) were tested under two planting distances (25 and 30 cm) and three levels of planting depths (8, 10 and 12 cm). The experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under a randomized complete block design with three replications, The PMBGR was significantly better than PMBRO in all studied parameters. For PMBGR, the fuel consumption, machine productivity, machine efficiency, germination percentage, root density and distributed in soil for vegetative growth stage, root density and distributed in soil for tubers formation stage, tubers number and one plant productivity were 9.870 L ha-1, 869.902 kg ha-1, 82.636%; 89.374%; 0.46 Mg cm-3; 0.80 Mg cm-3, 7.59 tuber plant-1 and 1005.99 g plant-1 respectively. The planting distance 30 cm was significantly superior to the other level of 25 cm in all studied parameters, while the planting depth at range of 8 cm was significantly superior to the other ranges of 10 and 12 cm in all parameters.

ملخص البحث :

The effect of the angle of plow penetration of soil and tillage distances on maize SYN5018 variety and soil physical properties, under impact some mechanical properties for type tillage machine (moldboard plow),were tested two the angle of plow penetration of soil levels of 75° and 90° and three levels tillage distances of 70,80 and 90 cm. The experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the angle of plow penetration of soil 75° was significantly better than the angle of plow penetration of soil 90° as while tillage distances at range 70 cm was significantly superior to the other two levels 80 and 90 cm in all studied conditions. For the angle of plow penetration of soil 75°and tillage distance 70cm,the fuel consumption, slippage percentage, machine efficiency, germination percentage, plant height, 1000 – weight grain, number of grains per ear and the maize crop productivity ,were 9.551, 9.958 L.ha-1, 9.303, 8.935%, 71.786, 71.963%, 91.613, 91.810%, 171.07, 173.11cm 256.353, 255.167g, 511.697, 536.060 grain.ear-1 and 4.393, 4.768 t.ha-1. The best results have come from the overlap among the angle of plow penetration of soil of 75°and tillage distance of 70 cm, in all studied parameter.

ملخص البحث :

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of agricultural machines (AM) LDSM and Nordsten and planting depths (PD) on wheat/ Abu-Ghraib 3 cultivar .The experiment included two types of AM (LDSM and Nordsten) and three PD levels (PD1 of 6 , PD2 of 8 and PD3 of 11 cm) and three application. The split -split plot arrangement in RCBD with three replications was used, the results indicated that the AM (Nordsten type) was major impact than AM (LDSM type) in all studied conditions, The PD of 6 cm, was significantly superior to the other two levels of PD of 8 cm, and PD3 of 11cm for most growth characters. (RL), (RDFW), (PDFW), (BY) and harvest index (HI).

ملخص البحث :

A field experiment was conducted to assess the influence of agricultural machines (AM) LDSM and Famarol, and planting distances (CD) on wheat/ Rashed cultivar .The experiment included two types of AM (LDSM and Famarol) and three CD levels (CD of 10 , CD of 12 and CD of 15cm) in three application. The split -split plot arrangement in RCBD with three replications was used, the results indicated that the AM (Famarol type) was major impact than AM (LDSM type) in all studied conditions, The CD of 10 cm, was significantly superior to the other two levels of CD of 12 cm, and CD of 15 cm for most growth characters. PVI, RL,HI and GY, except FC which gave best result with CD of 15cm .

ملخص البحث :

The field experiment conducted in one of the fields located in Babylon-Iraq, during the agricultural season 2020-2021. In order to study the effect of spraying different levels of organic fertilizer extract on the morphological characteristics of spikes wheat for three local cultivars of wheat. The experiment was conducted by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)with split plot system and with three replications. The levels of spraying with organic compost extract were represented in the main plot and were 0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 ml.L-1 and three cultivars IPA99, Rashid, Abu Ghraib, were represented by the subplot, and the following results were recorded: The fertilizer concentration 7.5 ml.L-1 was significantly excelled in all studied traits, the spike length and its stalk, awns length and diameter of spike, and they were respectively 13.71 cm, 19.16 cm, 7.16 cm, and 1.62 cm. As for Rashid cultivar excelled in the trait of spike and stalk, length 15.17 and 23.87 cm, respectively. While the IPA99 cultivar was excelled on the diameter of spike trait 1.61 cm, while Abu Ghraib excelled in the awns length trait with a total average 7.57 cm.

ملخص البحث :

A field experiment was carried out to study the response of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivar (Local Red) to planting dates, and pyridoxine concentration (Vit B6) levels on growth, yield and its components characters and its interactions. 1. It could be concluded from this study that sowing dates had a significant effect on all yield and components characters. The highest values of all yield and its components characters were obtained from planting date (20 July). The results showed a plant length of 163.66 and 167.27 cm, number of pods plant of 69.16 and 71.97 pod.plant-1, plant vigor index of 65.60 and 73.43 cm, 1000-grain weight of 4.497 and 5.155 g,grains yield of 1.046 and 1.155 t.ha-1, for 10July and 20 July,respectively2 . . Increasing pyridoxine concentration (Vit B6) levels up to (150 B6mg.l-1 ) significantly increased all yield and components characters, were recorded 170.23 cm , 72.17 pod.plant-1,72.02 cm , 5.162 g and1.265 t.ha-1respectively, under the same conditions for 0 and 100 B6mg.l-1 . 3.Increasing seed oil content % and seed crude protein content %, when planting date (20 July) and pyridoxine concentration (Vit B6) levels up to (150 B6mg.l-1).

ملخص البحث :

A field experiment was carried out in Abu Ghraq, 10 km north of the centre of Hila governorate, two agricultural seasons of Spring and Fall, of 2020, in silt loam soil, under the impact of levelling machines (laser, tablet), on two cultivars corn (Cadiz and Figr. 1). Experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under complete randomized design with three replications. The results showed that the laser levelling machine was significantly better than tablet levelling machine, in all studied conditions, in terms of the germination ratio, germination speed, plant vigor index, grains extraction, root dry weight, biological yield, grain yield, and harvest index. For laser levelling machine were recorded 90.63%, 74.67%, 60.45 cm, 77.81%, 0.76 g, 6.41 t/ha, 8.59 t/h, and 74.77%, respectively, under the same operating conditions for tablet levelling machine. The spring season was significantly superior than fall in all studied parameters. While the Cadiz cultivar was significantly better than the Figr.1 cultivar, in all studied conditions. All the interactions were significant and the best results was achieved, for laser levelling machine, in spring season and Cadiz cultivar, in all studied conditions.

ملخص البحث :

This study aims to know the impact of the peeling machine type and the clearances on some qualitative characteristics of the Mashkhab (M-33) cultivar rice production. It was observed from this study that the S-KB40 peeling machine was significantly superior to the YST50 peeling machine in all the studied characteristics, while it achieved the highest results with a clearance of 0.9cm, except for the husking efficiency that achieved the highest results with the clearance 0.5 cm. The experiments were conducted in a factorial experiment under CRD with three replications. For S-KB40 the MP, PR, HE, BR and CR were 1.747t.hr-1, 15.180Kw, 75.94 %,7.251% and 5.807% respectively. For 0.9cm clearance the MP, PR, HE, BR and CR ,were1.885 t.hr-1, 14.625 Kw, 74.03%,6.754 and 5.173% respectively.