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The interplay between Th-17 and Th-22 cells plays vital role in tumor immunity . Therefore, this study aimed to focus on these cells in patients with breast cancer. The results of this study showed that there were a highly significant increment in concentrations of IL-17A(139.5±17pg/ml) compared with control group which was (41.33±11.3pg/ml) and showed results were a highly significant elevation in concentration of IL-23P19 (192.73±22.3pg/ml) while control group was (121.41±14.7pg/ml). Also The results showed a highly significant increment in concentration of IL-22 (137.25±24.6pg/ml) compared to control group which was (77.67±13.7pg/ml) and also in TNF-α concentration was (200±23.7pg/ml) compared with control group which was (10.5±7.3pg/ml). Molecular findings recorded a significant elevation in the levels of AP-1 gene expression were Fos 18.76±7.8 in patients group and 9.05±1.12 control group, also the values of JunD gene 15.77±9.43 and 6.18±0.112, and lastly JunB 23.223±11.34 in comparison to control group7.33±3.76.Overall findings revealed considerable inflammatory response by Th-17 and Th-22 and remarkable AP-1 gene expression.

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Burning is damage to the skin and loss of the primary barrier of infection. Burned skin is at risk of infection as long as the barrier is absent. If not treated, infection caused by serious burns can be life-threatening and lead to sepsis. Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction due to the anti-infection host not responding; early treatment is critical. Sepsis is the leading cause of death, resulting in up to 50 to 60% of burn injury deaths. Therefore, the present study aimed to diagnose sepsis in burn patients and to study the relationship between TNF-α (-308G →A) gene polymorphism and burn patient with sepsis. Recorded results showed that procalcitonin (ng/mL) (PCT) significantly higher in sepsis than in without sepsis burn patients group (p < 0.05), 9.16 ± 5.07 versus 0.57 ± 1.27 respectively. The genotypes relative frequency in burn patient with sepsis were as follow : GG ( 40 % ), GA ( 45%) and AA (15%); while in burn patient without sepsis subjects : GG (53.3%), GA (33.3%) and AA ( 13.3%). G allele is higher frequency (62.5%) in burn patients with sepsis than A allele (37.5%). The presence of heterozygous GA genotype in the TNF-α-308 was associated with sepsis of burn patient

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Typhoid fever is an important enteric pathogen causing Salmonella typhi, is still extremely common in developing countries of the world. Therefore, this study was an attempt to develop an experimental vaccine against typhoid fever through determination of the immunogenic properties of Vi antigen when loaded on chitosan and tetanus toxoid in laboratory animals. Recorded results showed that the antibody titers were significantly elevated: in (T1) Vi Ag + chitosan groups(620.8±364.8) increased significantly than other groups; (T2) Vi Ag group (448±117.73), (T3) Vi + Tetanus toxoid group (537.6±142.53) and (T4 ) Vi Ag+ Ch. +TT group (121.6±38.4) at (P≤ 0.05). The gene expression of CD25 and CD29 was done by RT-qPCR . The results of relative gene expression in CD25 gene showed that in T4 group (5.1936±2.17) was increased significantly than other groups, which were; T1 (2.5604±0.64), T2 (3.7032±0.54) and T3 (4.4739±1) at (P≤ 0.05). The results of relative gene expression in CD29 gene showed that T3group recorded significantly increment (162.3256±89.52) than other groups, which were; T1 (33.8276±16.6), T2 (59.6817±26.65), and T4 (37.9605±3.09) at (P≤ 0.05). This findings were supported by the increment of total white blood cells in immunized animals and was clearly determined in lymph nodes of spleen & thymus which increased in size and numbers which active germinal centers.

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Sepsis is one of the most important causes of burn death and sepsis in the hospital after the injury. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism in IL-6 with serum level of IL-6 and MIP-1α expression in the development of burn patients with sepsis and burn patients without sepsis. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to detect serum level of IL-6 and MIP-1α in burn patient with sepsis and burn patient without sepsis. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood for molecular assay to study the correlation between IL-6-174 G→ C, TNF–α-308 G→ A gene polymorphism in burn patient with sepsis. Genotyping done by usingTetra Amplification Refractory Mutation System–Polymerase Chain Reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) technique. Immunological assay results of this study showed that the serum level and median (IQR) of IL-6 and MIP-1α were significantly higher in burn patient with sepsis group than in burn patient without sepsis group they were 443.77 pg/ml (471.62) versus 299 pg/ml (295.3) at (P< 0.001) and 148.43 pg/ml (141.9) versus 140.4 pg/ml (144.49) respectively. The present results showed that the IL-6 serum level was significantly higher in the female patients with sepsis compared to the burn patient without sepsis (P= 0.001). The present study showed that IL-6 was correlated between IL-6 serum and IL-6 genotype in burn patient with sepsis and burn patient without sepsis. Heterozygous GC genotype was significantly higher in correlated between IL-6 serum and IL-6 genotype in burn patient with sepsis and burn patient without sepsis groups (P< 0.001). Also …

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Аnnotation: This study focused on the evaluation and diagnosis of various types of parasites that infect cows in the Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, as well as their impact on physiological and hormonal parameters. The research involved the collection of samples, including blood, meat, and minced meat, from slaughtered cattle in the region. The samples were subjected to thorough testing and analysis to detect the presence of parasites and assess their effects on the physiological and hormonal profiles of the infected cattle. The study aimed to provide valuable insights into the prevalence, impact, and potential management strategies for parasitic infections in cattle within the Al-Qadisiya Governorate.