ملخص البحث :

In Iraq and many Mediterranean countries, hydatid disease is endemic from a long time . The disease causes health, economic, and social disasters. Iraq has become one of the most endemic areas for this disease, particularly in the central as well as southern regions. Particularly in the areas between the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers. Many farmers and sheep breeders live in these areas. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between hydatid disease and various variables such as the differences in infection rates between males and females, age, and geographical distribution of patients. This study included patients with hydatid disease who were admitted to the "Al-Sadr" General Hospital between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020 and there were 58 patients in total. According to the findings, the most affected areas of this disease are rural areas, and the peasantry is the most affected group of females. The reason for this is due to the nature of their work with crops and animals. The findings also revealed that females are infected at a higher rate than males.

ملخص البحث :

In Iraq and many Mediterranean countries, hydatid disease is endemic from a long time . The disease causes health, economic, and social disasters. Iraq has become one of the most endemic areas for this disease, particularly in the central as well as southern regions. Particularly in the areas between the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers. Many farmers and sheep breeders live in these areas. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between hydatid disease and various variables such as the differences in infection rates between males and females, age, and geographical distribution of patients. This study included patients with hydatid disease who were admitted to the "Al-Sadr" General Hospital between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020 and there were 58 patients in total. According to the findings, the most affected areas of this disease are rural areas, and the peasantry is the most affected group of females. The reason for this is due to the nature of their work with crops and animals. The findings also revealed that females are infected at a higher rate than males.

ملخص البحث :

:Cryptosporidiosis is a common cause of diarrhea in children. Morbidity rates are higher in underdeveloped nations, where it is more common. The risk factors for cryptosporidiosis in children with diarrhoea were studied in a case control study .The children in Al-Najaf city, who attend two hospitals were the sample of the this study . There were 89 patients under the age of three in the sample . The wet mounts, concentration approach was used to diagnose all stool samples that were submitted for testing .In order to find Cryptosporidium oocysts in stool samples, researchers used the Modified Ziehel-Neelsen staining technique. The control group included 61 children who seemed healthy and were the same age as the experimental group .The statistical analysis of data revealed that the P- value of age of children was (p=0.002), the P- value of the presence of animals in the environment was (p=0.032), the age of the mother (p=0.005), and the feeding patterns (p=0.021) had all of these factors been significant and should be considered a risk factors for Cryptosporidiosis. These data show that children in Al-Najaf city are at risk for Cryptosporidiosis. The senior members of the family may be at risk of infection due to the presence of these children. We urge that health authorities become awareness of Cryptosporidium as a source of diarrhoea in children and that a protocol for diagnosing this parasite be included in all labs' normal diagnostic testing for diarrhoeal stool specimens.

ملخص البحث :

The eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), which is stored in the secretory granules of eosinophils, has a cytolytic actions against parasites and some other pathogens. Infection with Strongyloides stercoralis (thread worm) was diagnosed by direct fecal smear and formal-ether concentration. Serum ECP levels were measured by ECP assay kit (Mesacup ECP test) for 40 patients infected with thread worm and compared with same numbers of healthy patients. There was a significant increase of ECP sera levels of patients (66.358± 0.861 ng ̸ ml) (p˂0.05) when compared to that of control group (10.962±0.635 ng ̸ml). There were no significant differences of ECP in relation to sex and age (p˃0.05). This study aimed to assess serum ECP in relation to threadworm infection and their potential activity as a biological marker for infection

ملخص البحث :

This study was conducted in the Animal House of the Department of / Biology / Faculty of Education for girls to detect some of the side effects associated with the use of Nandrolone in the weights of testes and Epididymis of infected with mice protoscolices through the use of (50) male Swiss mice Balb / c age Three months were randomly divided into five equal groups: positive control group, negative control group, and the remaining three groups were injected with concentrations (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg / g) of Nandrolone. The study showed a significant decrease ( P <0.05) in the weights of testes and Epididymis of mice Treatment compared to the positive control group and the negative group. The study also showed that the third concentration (0.3) mg / g of Nandrolone has shown several side effects on certain organs related to the male reproductive system.