ملخص البحث :

The concept of alienation and exile was very important among the postcolonial enthusiastliterary researches. Due to the sporadic nature of the topic, it was estimat ed that a new area ofresearch exists to be investigated. Due to this interest, this study attempted to discuss theconcepts of exile, alienation from homeland and the colonialism in Mourid Barghouti's I SawRamallah with postcolonial theory.The research attempted to discuss the problem of resistanceand personal choices in dealing with the wave of modernization in the colonized countries orregions. It should be mentioned that while this study focused on the ideological clashes causedby colonialism, it w as interested to see how a new concept of comparative literature as adiscourse tolerance can reveal the meaning of literary works. To do so, this study investigatedcomparative literature as a form of literary studies against nationalism. In this case, th e MouridBarghouti's I Saw Ramallah investigated new ways of reading about the literature of Palestine.On the Other hand, I Saw Ramallah showed that the ideology of nationalism was one of the mainreasons which cripples the Palestinian literature to offer a more realistic investigation of colonialsituation in Palestine which Mourid Barghouti attempted to criticize in the novel.

ملخص البحث :

This study examines the contemporary Egyptian female subculture movements that have brought life to the nation's media landscape. According to the study, women have created unique strategies for encouraging a shared discussion on the significance of social change. Their emphasis on lifestyle issues often reserved for closed-door private discussions enables them to question social norms without upsetting the government or security services and entering the polarised political environment. This article examines the objectives and internal workings of three distinct online feminist initiatives using case studies. Through semi-structured interviews with important participants, we were able to understand the evolution of these groups from networks to movements and ultimately into the organizations we are familiar with today.