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The research consists of two studies, the 1st study included employing of drugs with prescription, and the 2nd study included using of drugs by the patients without prescription (drug abuse). With or without prescription the using of drugs were influenced on patients (male and female) at different ages and residence places. Cefexim is the drug that was using more than another drugs in patients with prescription in comparison with (Placyl) which is less of taking by patients. There are difference in employing of variety of drugs in the 1st study in which ages (21-30) are more using whereas (31-40) are less than another of drugs at the same study, also there are differences in consume of drugs between genders (male and female) that are residence in the variety of regions, in which the male took the drugs more than female in the urban at ages (21-30, 41-50 1nd more than 51 years).

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The results showed that all risk factors and different diseases had closely same effects and regarding the range relationships for using pain killers drugs and increasind uric acid in putpatients suffered from different diseases.

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The study was carriedout on five hundered adult inpatients of the general dedicated hospital of Al-Hilla (74 cases male,32 cases female) and non drug -drug interaction(226 male,168 female) with remaining periods for inpatients in the general dedicated hospital of Al-Hilla about (2-21) depending on the development of the disease states.

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Results: The results showed superiority of the using the Ceftriaxone according to age of the females(16 .3+0,03) and the males (0.6+9.37) by the significance difference (P<0.05), whereas Ampicloxacillin for females (2.6+0,29) and for males (5.3+0,50) and by the significance difference (P<0.05), in other hand in case of treatment of different female diseases by the Ceftriaxone show superiority of them (13.1+0,04) (P<0.05) in comparison with the using in the male(8.5+0.92) (P<0.05)with different ages , whereas in case of using of Ampicloxacillin, shows superiority using of Ampicloxacillin in the treatment of different diseases in the male (3.4+0.02)(P<0.05) in comparison with female patients (3.1+0.04) (P<0.05).

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Results: UV spectrophotometer test shown for Pentoxyfilline absorbance (0.300124), at wave length (2979) and PLGA- loaded Pentoxyfilline absorbance (3.07877), at wave length 1565), while other tests (scanning electron microscope, cumulative %; encapsulation drug efficiency loading, and zeta) of PLGA-nanoparticle appeared (28.35 nm-35.45 nm, (8.48, 93.3 at maximum wavelength 275 nm, (−13.44 mV), with mobility (−1.05 [μ/s]/[V/cm]) respectively. Conclusion: Regarding the characterization of PLGA displayed in this study, it can be concluded that DMSO related organic phase alone gives the shape, particle size with a small diameter, negatively charged in addition to suitable LD, EE with suitable stabilizer. Also, PLGA-Pentoxyfilline regimen treatment with different doses had the ability in recovery of female rats that exposed experimentally induced thin layer endometrium in the uterine horn by ethanol

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. The nanoparticles are prepared by nanoprecipitation technique andcharacterized by particles sizers, UV spectrophotometers, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)images which were utilized for regular distribution and spherical shape of nanoparticles with thesize range of 206.5 nm; active compounds were detected by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of clove nanoparticles was evaluated against hepatotoxicthioacetamide in male rats. 30 albino male rats were divided into 6 groups, with 5 rats in each group.All groups of animals were treated with single dose of Thioacetamide100 mg/kg except the control.Groups T2 and T3 received Thioacetamide (100)/kg) I.p., treated orally with 100 mg/kg of cloveextract and clove nanoparticles of dose by day respectively, while the last group was treated withselenium nanoparticles at dose 0.5 mg/kg daily. The selenium loaded clove nanoparticles showedspherical shape with seller size of 206.5 nm. GCMS of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) containedmore than 13 active compounds. Consequently, the cytogenic study of clove nanoparticles showed aclear reducing of micronuclei percentages, chromosomal aberration and their types. In addition, theserum evaluated in this study showed significant reduction of TNFa ng/dl and IL6 in rats treated withclove extract and clove-nanoparticles in comparison with thioacetamide alone. Interestingly, theantioxidant activity of GPX was significantly elevated in rats having received clove-nanoparticles.Additionally, the histopathological defect such as inflammation and necrosis in liver and kidneywas cured by using clove nanoparticles. The clove loaded selenium nanoparticles illustrated strongantioxidant and scavenging activities led by alleviate cytogenic and scavenging activities led by alleviate cytogenic and tissue damage induced by thioacetamide

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Cardamom as a herbal has several medicinal practices in Indian Vedic remedy and the oil is consumed in scents and enrage and demanded in India as an aphrodisiac. It can be employed as a refreshing innervating bathtub. The extraction of it is involved the vital oil by steam condensation from the dried ripe fruit. The collection of researchers in this article are showing and proving the various influencing of cardamom are included pathophysiological and chemical activity, where it was significant differences (pd<0.05) in case using of this herbal in treatment of infection (as anti-inflammatory) and cancer, lowering of blood sugar, antioxidant, asthma, peptic ulcer, and recently it is used in the field of aromatherapy in treatment of different disease beside to containing of nutrient elements such as vitamins A and E, in which it has interesting of supplementary complement.

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Vitamin D is fat soluble vitamin synthesis from isoprenoid units by condensation process in vivo when exposure to sun light (weak UV source). The main function of vitamin D is maintenance on calcium hemostasis, beside this function has important role as a protection factor from many disease such as autoimmune diseases and cancer. There are several suggestions to support the immunity such as intake vitamin D that has the ability to reduce the risk of respiratory tract infections, such as epidemiology of influenza and COVID-19. Vitamin D can reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection through the mechanisms including lowering replication of virus by induction of cathelicidins and reduced the inflammatory cytokines that produced from the lining cells of lungs which lead to pneumonia and lung fibrosis due to autoimmune diseases as well as increase the concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines.

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This study included the relation between uric acid and other risk factor (age, weight, obesity, gender, job, and residence) and different diseases. These data were analyzed statically with SPSS 8.0 statistical package (ANOVA- analysis of variance - two ways analyze; Mean + SE). (P) values less than or equal to 0.05 has been evaluated as statistical significant. Among many risk factors of hypertension uric acid possess the same average effect on the gender (male and female) of individual outpatients [( F calculated = 0.036, F tabulated = 1.68), ( P<0.05)]. The number of female patients with hypertension due to elevated uric acid enrolled undercounts in corresponding with male (male = 21.75+9.36, female = 16.00+5.02), (P<0.05) and both of them have the high effect in comparison with another risk factors, whereas the obesity of male and female have highest average effect with significant differences of hypertensive cases, in which superiority of female more than female (male = 14.00+6.35, female = 9.25+3.08). The higher average was recorded in the age about (31- 40), and (41-50) years in male (42, 70) more than female (10, 30). The other risk factor (Gout) has minimum effect in the patients suffering from hypertension (male = 2.00+00.95, female = 1.50+00.37) with significant differences (P<0.05). Also, there are no significant differences in the second study in which all risk factors have the same average effect in patients suffering from hypertension [( Fcalculated = 0.029, F tabulated = 1.68), (P<0.05)].

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The study was carried on 402 clinical cases of in-patients pediatric patients of the Dedacticparturition Hospital of Al-Zahraa’. They were treated with different medications [(244 clinical cases of male inpatients and 158 clinical cases of female in-patients, table 1) against different diseases infection, table 1 (Meningitis, Pneumonia, Enteritis and Bronchitis)]. The data partook of the drug-food interaction between a drug (Ceftriaxone) with calcium containing-food (milk, which are including artificial and normal lactation)(table 1)(figure 1). The results showed that the four factors (normal lactation, artificial lactation, treatment by Ceftriaxone and non treatment by Ceftriaxone groups) had the same average effect on the gender (male and female) of peadiatric in-patients of the Dedactic Parturition Hospital of al-Zahraa’. Superiority was of (treated by Ceftriaxone) group according to (non treated by Ceftriaxone)] group on each the gender (male and female)(p< 0.05), In other hand there were no significant differences (p< 0.05) between (normal and artificial lactation) on the in-patients (male and female) and both of them had the same average effect on the in-patients peadiatric in the Dedicated Hospital of Al-Zahraa’. These results were calculated by two way analysis (ANOVA and F-test analyze

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The results confirmed antibacterial activity with significant differences (P≤ 0.05) of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) in the concentration 10µg/ml (MIC)(1.10+ 0.31). Also superiority of the antibiotic (Doxycycline) that has MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) at 10 µg/ml by significant differences (p≤ 0.05)(2.00+ 0.08) aginst E. coli that appears sensitive to its, while it doesn’t clear any significant differences in both of the antibiotics (Gentamicin and Gentadoxycycline). In case antibacterial activity of antibiotic (Gentamicin) against E. coli by sensitive tests observe resistance of E. coli, started from 10 µg/ml (1.60+ 0.15) to 100 µg/ml (2.30+ 0.05) by significant differences (p≤ 0.05). Also the antibiotic (Gentadoxycycline) by combination of (Gentamicin and Doxycycline) in-vitro, it doesn’t show any significant differences (p≤ 0.05) when applicated the sensitive tests of the antibiotic against E. coli at concentration 10 µg/ml (1.80+ 0.15) and 100 µg/ml (2.60+ 0.19), which demonstrates antagonist between them; by numbering of inhibition zone appeard that the results less than (Doxycycline) and more than (Gentamicin), As a whole, these results illustrate superiority of Doxycycline as a antibacterial activity against E. coli depended on sensitivity tests according to antibiotics (Gentamicin and Gentadoxycycline) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) by significant differences (p≤ 0.05). Objective Knowing of antibacterial activity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) against bacteria (Escherichia coli) in in-vitro, and compare of it with three antibiotics (Gentamicin, doxycycline and Gentadoxycycline), by measurement of inhibition zone for both of them. Material and Methods Bacteria (E. coli) was isolated from the patients in the city of al-Sadir medical on EMB (Eosin Methylene Blue) agar and incubated at 37 o C for 18-24 hours. This trial is performed in in-vitro (sensitivity test) by agar well diffusion technique, in diameter of well (8 mm) and by measurement of inhibition zone in nutrient agar after 24 hrs, and knowing of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for both of them. Conclusions Syzygium aromaticum has high antibacterial activity against the Bacterial growth of (Escherichia coli). Doxycycline has high antibacterial activity against the Bacterial growth of (Escherichia coli). Resistance of E. coli to the commonly used eradication antibiotic drug (Gentamicin). The combination between two antibiotics (Gentamicin and doxycycline) doesn’t give antibacterial activity against the Bacterial growth of (Escherichia coli).

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Results The results shown significant differences in student’s users of computers and smart devices in which there were little numbers of visions influencing among them in different ages and genders. Utilizing for long periods during days in different purposes yet didn't have a greater effect on users in case of computer vision syndrome according to the employer’s users. Since the preparation of students was having medical glass in male and female and the letter has rated more than the male. In another hand the ages at about (24-32) the using of computers and smart devices was, and the more risk factors among all of them had had greater rates of correlation with the glass wearing in a group of students that they have eye allergy in comparison with the time userAlso these results were shown the superiority of male in comparison with female in using these devices So, from the results mentioned above the convergence in numbers of students that they have vision affects due to employment of these devices in such of ages about [(19-23),(24-32)] in male and female, but the first ages have slightly higher rates than other)] by percentage (50%) of the students that suffer from computer vision syndrome from all proportion, whereas 2 nd group of another age has low significant differences in comparison with previous by the percentage closely (36.36%).

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This study was performed inHospital ofGeneral AL-Hindiya in province of Holy Karbala. The data collectionwas carried out for a period from the 1st of November 2021yrs. to the1st of March 2022 Yrs. Descriptive statistically, one way and thecomparison between the averages at the level of probability of thesignificant differences (P≤0.05) applying the statistical program SAS version 2010 by usingone way analysis, T test (Wayne et al., 2010). Results: The results show the numbers ofpatients that hospitalized according to ages and domicile, there are no significancedifferences(P≤0.05), with apresence of significant differences in rates among the numbers ofinfected (male and female). Also the same infected numbers showed in patients of covid-19according to domicile (urban, rural). The most of patients are hospitalized according to agesnoticed in male about(51-60 yrs.) in comparison to female and the same numbers found inage(41-50 yrs.).

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Results the results of this study show there is significantly differences in (p< 0.05) between T2DM patients and control group, there is significant decrease in DHEA-S hormone levels at patient, while in regarding to thyroid hormones the T3 and T4 were significantly decrease on other hand TSH was increased. The lipid and sugar profiles were significantly increased at (P< 0.05). Conclusion our study conducted There is a main relationship between DHEA-S hormone level and T2DM. This supports that DHEA-S level is reversely related with the diabetes progression

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This study was performed in medical city of AL-Sadder and hospital of AL-Hakeem in province of AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf. The data collection was carried out for a period from the 1st of February 2021 to the 28th of February 2021. There are several limitations to the present study in AL-Saader Hospital and some of their tests have been conducting in external laboratory. one way, at the level of probability of the significant differences (P< 0.05) applying the statistical program SAS version 2010 by using one and one ways, T test. The results showed high rates of Diabetes mellitus II in male and female without significant differences (P< 0.05) between both of them, in other hand found also no significant differences (P< 0.05) regarding with the rates of Packed cell volume in all of patients (male and female). Whereas noticed obvious rates of Hemoglobin in female and female with significant difference (P< 0.05). The results of this study in showed ages about (20 yrs) to more than 50yrs, high numbers of patients suffer from DM II in ages about (20-30) yrs. In comparison with other patients in different ages and no significant differences (P< 0.05) found in ((31-40 yrs),(41-51 yrs),(140.73±59.937), 142.94±50.902)). Also, found no significant in numbers of patients that have Hb in all of ages. Whilst noticed the diabetic patients’ in ages about (31-40) found significant in ranges of PCV (P< 0.05)(42.19±8.691) compared with other patients at different ages. These results showed obvious significant rates of numbers (P< 0.05) in Diabetic patients’ type II that have Hb and PCV, but the patients that suffer from DM II with PCV in which appeared significant differences and relationship (P< 0.05) more thanHb, so, from this study were demonstrated found anemia in diabetic patients’.

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There are different functions of cortisol in the human body as lowering raising blood sugar, immunity suppress with response to stress, role in the metabolism and synthesis of proteins. It is generated and released through serial hormonal cycles of Pituitary- hypothalamus-Adreno corticao thyrotropic hormone and released from adrenal cortex into the blood to perform various physiological, pathological, and chemical functions as long as human body needed.

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Histamine is a bioactive nitrogenous organic compound of the family of monoamines produced by the action of enzymes in human and animal dung by fecal bacteria on protein materials, particularly the essential amino acid histidine. This type of material is also secreted in abundance in the body by cells known as mast cells circulating in the connective tissues, and also by white blood cells known as basophils, basal white blood cells, during allergic reactions and serious and life-threatening anaphylactic shock called anaphylactic shock (and during various allergic diseases). Mast cells are abundantly present in lung tissue, nasal mucosa, eye mucosal tissue, subcutaneous and between various mucosal tissues. In addition to what was mentioned above about the characteristics and functional role of histamine in the body, it has many harms as a result of its high level secretion as a result of a specific functional disorder or microbial invasion, as well as as a result of immune sensitivity, and damages are noted in the respiratory, digestive, immune and nervous systems.

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Different species of Proteus mirabilis may vary in type of infections in both the community and hospital environments. Proteus mirabilis can cause a variety illnesses including urinary tract (uncommon in normal hosts), uncomplicated cystitis or pyelonephritis, wound, and blood stream infections (BSI). This study aimed to determine the macrolides resistance gene mef (A) in P. mirabilis strains isolated from different clinical samples by using PCR. This a prospective study involving the analyses of different clinical samples (ie sputum, wound swabs, urine and ear swabs) were collected from 86 patients suspected of bacterial infections from Al-Sader Medical City and Al-Zahraa hospital for maternity and children were cultivated to isolate P. mirabilis. Bacterial isolates diagnosed according to Baily and Scott’s Diagnostic Microbiology then further identified by Vitek® 2-system, the sequence of the primer used for detection of mef (A) gene was amplified by using Thermal Cycler. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS v. 20. Eighty-six patients were randomly recruited; they were (65.12%) males and (34.88%) females. P. mirabilis occupies the lowest percentage 3.5% among other microorganisms in this study. Other bacterial genera occupied different percentages there were 33.7%, 31.4%, 22.1% and 5.8% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activity patterns were detected using Kirby-Bauer method. Augmentin (AUG) occupied the highest value of effectiveness (93%) against the bacterial strains in comparison with other antimicrobial agent while the lowest value was (41.9%) for Ceftazidime (CAZ)(P< 000). Only one strain carry the 402 mef (A) gene among the three Proteus mirabilis strains previously reported as macrolides resistant (phenotypically).