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A nanoheterojunction photocatalyst of the spherical titanium dioxide (TSN) over ZSM-5 mesoporous was synthesized by the ecofriendly direct co-template technique with assisting of the solvent evaporation to photodegrade harmful Cefazolin compound from drinking water under simulated solar light illumination. The fabricated nanoheterojunction photocatalyst shown an efficient performance by a near-complete degrade of Cefazolin compound with an estimated efficiency of 98.5% under optimum conditions. Many parameters were considered in details, including pH solution, catalyst loading, kinetic studies, initial concentrations, optical bandgap, intermediate compounds, regeneration and the reusability. The prepared TSN@ ZSM-5 mesoporous was effectively activated in the weak acid pH region of 6.5. The data results revealed that a remarkable photodegradation of Cefazolin on the spherical TiO2 nanoparticles enhanced by the cylindrical hollow of the ZSM-5 mesoporous, which has a preferable as photogenerated delivery of the e /h reducing the recombination rate. High specific surface area with wide pore volume of 360 m2 g−1 & 0.42 cm3 g−1, respectively, enhanced the absorbance capacity of Cefazolin compound. The maximum absorption capacity was 1.24 mg/g under the optimum conditions. Moreover, a magnificent optical bandgap of the synthesized TSN@ ZSM-5 mesoporous was obtained. The prepared nanoheterojunction photocatalyst is well conformable the pseudo second order model and it has a high correlation coefficient of R-square is 0.9869. The data were also given by the fact that the Cefazolin compound was highly degraded with the assisting of the superoxide specie including anion radical of the •O . The Cefazolin and their intermediate compounds were decomposed to less noxious compound using the synthesized TSN@ ZSM-5 mesoporous. Although many cycles of use, the nanoheterojuncation photocatalyst was maintained its high performance with excellent durability. According to the overall results, the proposed nanoheterojunction photocatalyst can have a potential credit for participating in the wastewater treatment plant to get rid of the risk effects of the medical waste in the aqueous media.

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Green algae are a sustainable source of biopolymers for the global demand due to their high photosynthetic efficiency. This article describes the extraction of cellulose from plant systems represented by Ulva lactuca species. In order to extract various substances, algae were finely ground with the help of solvents (liquid media). This was carried out to achieve the necessary conditions that help reduce the resistance this phase shows in regard to the transport and transfer of the species being extracted. The highest yield of extracted cellulose (20,944%) was obtained for the following factors: S/L = 1/20; conc. ethanol = 90%, conc. salts = 4 g/L. Hydrogel membranes are a unique class of macromolecular networks that contain a large fraction of aqueous solvent within their structure. With the cellulose extracted from algae, we obtained membranes which underwent the process of swelling in liquid media (ethyl alcohol) of different concentrations. The swelling of biocellulose membranes in alcoholic solutions of high concentrations was investigated. It was observed that the process of absorption of the alcoholic solution by the membrane occurred rapidly in the first part. After stabilization, the membranes continued to absorb at a slower rate until stabilization or saturation concentration was reached.

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Abstract: The paper focuses on synthesis, characterization and testing in ethanol-water separation by pervaporation of new membrane types based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and bacterial cellulose (BC). A technology for obtaining these membranes deposited on a ceramic support is presented in the experimental section. Three PVA-BC composite membranes with different BC content were obtained and characterized by FTIR, SEM and optic microscopy. The effects of operating temperature (40–60 °C), permeate pressure (18.7–37.3 kPa) and feed ethanol concentration (24–72%wt) on total permeate flow rate (0.09–0.23 kg/m2/h) and water/ethanol selectivity (5–23) were studied based on an appropriate experimental plan for each PVA-BC membrane. Statistical models linking the process factors to pervaporation performances were obtained by processing the experimental data. Ethanol concentration of the processed mixture had the highest influence on permeate flow rate, an increase in ethanol concentration leading to a decrease in the permeate flow rate. All 3 process factors and their interactions had positive effects on membrane selectivity. Polynomial regression models were used to assess the effect of BC content in the dried membrane on pervaporation performances. Values of process performances obtained in this study indicate that these membranes could be effective for ethanol-water separation by pervaporation.

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Romanian Merino wool was tested as a biosorbent for removal of Rebco crude oil from either sea water or distilled water. The wool was packed into two different nets and then placed on the surface of the oily water. Effects of process parameters, i.e., net mesh density (1.45 and 3.07 mesh/cm2), concentration of soluble salts in water (0 and 17 g/L), and initial wool mass (10 and 40 g), on the sorption rate and equilibrium wool sorption capacity (2.66-11.89 g/g) were evaluated. Experimental data were processed using kinetic and statistical models.

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In this research, poly terephthalic acid-co-glycerol-g-maleic anhydride (PTGM) graft copolymer was used as novel water-soluble pore formers for polyethersulfone (PES) membrane modification. The modified PES membranes were characterized to monitor the effect of PTGM content on their pure water flux, hydrophilicity, porosity, morphological structure, composition, and performance. PTGM and PES/PTGM membranes were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and contact angle (CA). The results revealed that the porosity and hydrophilicity of the fabricated membrane formed using a 5 wt.% PTGM ratio exhibited an enhancement of 20% and 18%, respectively. Similarly, upon raising the PTGM ratio in the casting solution, a more porous with longer finger-like structure was observed. However, at optimum PTGM content (i.e., 5%), apparent enhancements in the water flux, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and sodium alginate (SA) retention were noticed by values of 203 L/m2.h (LMH), 94, and 96%, respectively. These results illustrated that the observed separation and permeation trend of the PES/PTGM membrane may be a suitable option for applications of wastewater treatment. The experimental results suggest the promising potential of PTGM as a pore former on the membrane properties and performance.