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This paper is about a voltage-lifting (VL)series technique is used to describe a non- isolated DC-DC converter with high voltage gain. With the VL technique's implementation, a structure made up two inductors, two diodes and one capacitor make it possible for them to achieve substantially larger voltage transfer gains. Due to their symmetrical architecture, they utilize less energy and put less strain on active switches and diodes than circuits of similar complexity since they charge and discharge their inductors in parallel and in series at the same time. Using Matlab/simulations and experiments, we do a thorough examination of both the continuous CCM and discontinuous DCM conduction modes..

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There are several profits of distributed generator (DG) units which are believed for improving the safety of the distribution power grids. However, these profits can be maximized by ensuring optimum sizing and positioning of DG units because an arbitrary location of DG units may adversely affect and jeopardize power grids which could contribute to maximising of power loss and degradation of the voltage profile. Therefore, several approaches were suggested to ensure optimum position and size of DGs. The primary aim of this article is for establishing technique for optimum scheduling and operating of DG to lessen power loss, revamp voltage profile and overall network reliability. Artificial intelligence method called particle swarm optimization (PSO) is utilized for finding the best site and size of DG to lessen power loss and boost the voltage profile. In this paper, IEEE 33 distribution system is utilized to display applicability of PSO. The results of the PSO are compared with the results gotten by other methods in the literature. Finally, the results show that the PSO is superior than the other methods.

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The use of hybrid generators has been embraced widely as a modern way of producing sustainable energy. Particularly, this approach has been fundamental in the extension or the development of new power grids that have played an important role in powering the rural areas. From a different perspective, the hybrid power generators have played a key role in the management of various inefficiencies in the production of electricity. The production of electricity via diesel generators is subject to operational challenges related to the fluctuating prices of diesel. On the other hand, wind energy is intermittent in nature, hence a limited reliability. In this regard, it will be a remedial move to adopt the use of various hybrids to internalize these shortcomings. The advantages of one particular element in a given hybrid will compensate for the shortcomings of a given element within the same hybrid. There exist a variety of hybrids that are used in the generation of electricity in the modern world. A typical hybrid will harness or store energy from two or more sources. Therefore, this paper will present a literature review of the nature of various hybrids that are used in the modern world. Some of these hybrids include; Wind-hydrogen system, Wind-hydro system, Wind-diesel system, Wind-compressed air system, and the Wind-solar system. These hybrids have been embraced to mitigate the intermittent nature of wind energy. Additionally, this paper will shed light on the impacts of these hybrids to the various societies in which they are deployed. Particular emphasis will also be laid on the distribution of these hybrids across the globe. Lastly, this paper will highlight the various problems that face these hybrid generators and offer recommendations and possible solutions.

ملخص البحث :

The use of hybrid generators has been embraced widely as a modern way of producing sustainable energy. Particularly, this approach has been fundamental in the extension or the development of new power grids that have played an important role in powering the rural areas. From a different perspective, the hybrid power generators have played a key role in the management of various inefficiencies in the production of electricity. The production of electricity via diesel generators is subject to operational challenges related to the fluctuating prices of diesel. On the other hand, wind energy is intermittent in nature, hence a limited reliability. In this regard, it will be a remedial move to adopt the use of various hybrids to internalize these shortcomings. The advantages of one particular element in a given hybrid will compensate for the shortcomings of a given element within the same hybrid. There exist a variety of hybrids that are used in the generation of electricity in the modern world. A typical hybrid will harness or store energy from two or more sources. Therefore, this paper will present a literature review of the nature of various hybrids that are used in the modern world. Some of these hybrids include; Wind-hydrogen system, Wind-hydro system, Wind-diesel system, Wind-compressed air system, and the Wind-solar system. These hybrids have been embraced to mitigate the intermittent nature of wind energy. Additionally, this paper will shed light on the impacts of these hybrids to the various societies in which they are deployed. Particular emphasis will also be laid on the distribution of these hybrids across the globe. Lastly, this paper will highlight the various problems that face these hybrid generators and offer recommendations and possible solutions.

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Abstract. Inverters are the record significant device to apply renewable energy resourcefully. A planned technique is used to control the output voltage and frequency. This method depends on- offline designs of the width of the signals for only the first quarter cycle and stores. The residual pulses, for comprehensive sequence, are generated by using the values of the first quarter for there are situations of quarter and half–wave symmetry. The chief structures of microcontroller 8951 constructed PWM inverter are simpler strategy, small price, extreme choice of voltage control and compressed in size. This outcome in a large saving of microcontroller time and memory. These groups of firing angles(α) are designed which characterize the expected voltage difference. The microcontroller notices the peak of the output voltage to sense the voltage variation and then implement the suitable table to keep the voltage within the required value. The programmable timer sets the necessary 120o phase shift between the three phases. This paper observes several guidelines to select a technique suitable for application at a specified power level, switching frequency and dynamic response. Simulation outcomes are gotten for success of the test.

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Abstract: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) can be utilized directly in place of the Induction Motors (IM) for several industrial applications, since, it is characterized by high efficiency, high power factor and high power compared to IM. Generally, PMSMs are high power compared currently utilized in applications which necessitate fast torque response as well as higher-performance operation of the machine. In order to achieve such features, various control techniques including Vector Control (VC)!Field Oriented Control (FOC) and Direct Torque Control (DTC) are utilized. This study presents simulation of these respective methods to comprehend the impact of each technique on dynamic performance of permanent magnet synchronous motors. MATLAB /Simulink environment has been used to implement this study under dynamic response. In this study, the behavior of PMSM will be studied under the above methods by using the MATLAB/Simulink environment.

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Abstract. The outcome of this research is to study and validate a photovoltaic (PV) module connected to the resistive load using soft computing Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT). The MPPTs used in this study are the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL)which are used to track the maximum power of a 200W PV module. First, the mathematical analysis for the PV module, ANN technique, and FL technique is done. The MATLAB Simulink was investigated to model, verify, and simulate the MPPTs. Second, the studied PV system was tested under step change in load and irradiance conditions to obtain the difference in the performance between the soft computing techniques and conventional Incremental Conductance (IC) techniques in terms of oscillation value, dynamic speed, and method’s efficiency. The obtained results from the simulation presents that both ANN and FL techniques have less steady state power oscillation, and they faster than the IC technique in terms of tracking the MPP. Therefore, the performance and efficiency of the studied PV module was improved and then the life time of the system is extended.

ملخص البحث :

Abstract. The outcome of this research is to study and validate a photovoltaic (PV) module connected to the resistive load using soft computing Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT). The MPPTs used in this study are the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Fuzzy Logic (FL)which are used to track the maximum power of a 200W PV module. First, the mathematical analysis for the PV module, ANN technique, and FL technique is done. The MATLAB Simulink was investigated to model, verify, and simulate the MPPTs. Second, the studied PV system was tested under step change in load and irradiance conditions to obtain the difference in the performance between the soft computing techniques and conventional Incremental Conductance (IC) techniques in terms of oscillation value, dynamic speed, and method’s efficiency. The obtained results from the simulation presents that both ANN and FL techniques have less steady state power oscillation, and they faster than the IC technique in terms of tracking the MPP. Therefore, the performance and efficiency of the studied PV module was improved and then the life time of the system is extended.